My father was something of a lapsed Jew. An ardent atheist, he thought all religion, including Judaism, was a dangerous anachronism. He couldn’t speak a lick of Yiddish, unlike his Russian-born father, and disliked most Kosher food. Borscht Belt humor was lost on him. Nevertheless, my father celebrated how Jews have won far more Nobel Prizes than their tiny numbers would imply and that some of history’s most consequential minds — Albert Einstein, Sigmund Freud, Karl Marx — were members of the tribe. And though a devoted Yankee fan, he admired Dodger great Sandy Koufax, a Jew who famously refused...